UPESSC / UPHESC Assistant Professor General Paper:18 April 2026 • Shift–2 • Solved PYQ

Area / क्षेत्र  →  Questions / प्रमुख प्रश्न

Trend Insight: Paper factual one-liners तक सीमित नहीं है—statement, assertion–reason, matching, chronology और application-based questions भी हैं। तैयारी में concept + elimination + recall तीनों जरूरी हैं।

Which measure is commonly used to reduce urban noise? / शहरी ध्वनि को कम करने के लिए कौन-सा उपाय प्रभावी है?

• A. Sound barriers and green belts / ध्वनि अवरोधक व हरित पट्टियाँ
• B. Reducing urban vegetation / वनस्पति कम करना
• C. Increasing highway traffic / यातायात बढ़ाना
• D. Increasing industrial density / औद्योगिक घनत्व बढ़ाना

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: A

Explanation / व्याख्या: Sound barriers block/deflect sound waves, while green belts provide additional attenuation and improve the urban environment. बाकी विकल्प noise sources/exposure बढ़ा सकते हैं।

Urban environmental degradation is best reduced by which approach? / शहरी पर्यावरणीय क्षरण घटाने का सबसे उपयुक्त तरीका?

• A. End public transport
• B. Green infrastructure + sustainable urban planning
• C. Expand fossil-fuel use
• D. Expand unregulated industrial zones

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: B

Explanation / व्याख्या: Green infrastructure, public transport, compact planning, waste management and energy efficiency reduce pollution and ecological pressure. बाकी विकल्प degradation बढ़ाते हैं।

Statement I: ICT enables real-time communication across distance. Statement II: ICT completely removes the need for traditional learning resources. सही विकल्प चुनें।

• A. Both I and II
• B. II only
• C. Neither
• D. I only

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: D

Explanation / व्याख्या: Statement I सही है: synchronous digital tools real-time communication enable करते हैं. Statement II absolute claim है; books, face-to-face resources and other traditional media अभी भी relevant हैं।

NABARD के बारे में: I. Shivaraman Committee recommendation; II. primary lender directly to farmers; III. refinance + supervisory role over RRB/cooperative banks; IV. formulates India's monetary policy. सही statements?

• A. I, III, IV
• B. II, IV
• C. I, III
• D. I, II, III

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: C

Explanation / व्याख्या: NABARD was established in 1982 following the CRAFICARD/Shivaraman Committee recommendations. It is an apex development financial institution and major refinance/supervisory institution; it is not the ordinary primary lender to individual farmers, and monetary policy is RBI's domain.

2024 Roland Garros men's singles champion कौन थे?

• A. Jannik Sinner
• B. Novak Djokovic
• C. Carlos Alcaraz
• D. Daniil Medvedev

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: C

Explanation / व्याख्या: Carlos Alcaraz won the 2024 French Open men's singles title, defeating Alexander Zverev in the final.

कानून मौन होने पर free and fair elections हेतु ECI directions किस constitutional source से?

• A. Article 324 plenary powers
• B. Article 356
• C. Article 368
• D. Article 280

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: A

Explanation / व्याख्या: Article 324 vests superintendence, direction and control of elections in the Election Commission. Supreme Court jurisprudence recognizes broad/plenary authority in areas where legislation is silent, subject to existing law.

18वीं शताब्दी में Solar System formation की nebular hypothesis सबसे पहले किसने प्रस्तावित की?

• A. Albert Einstein
• B. Edwin Hubble
• C. Immanuel Kant
• D. Isaac Newton

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: C

Explanation / व्याख्या: Immanuel Kant proposed a nebular hypothesis in 1755; Laplace later developed a related nebular model independently.

Dr. B. R. Ambedkar ने किस Fundamental Right/Article को Constitution का 'heart and soul' कहा?

• A. Right to Equality
• B. Right to Constitutional Remedies
• C. Cultural & Educational Rights
• D. Right to Freedom

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: B

Explanation / व्याख्या: Right to Constitutional Remedies under Article 32 enables citizens to approach the Supreme Court for enforcement of Fundamental Rights. Ambedkar famously emphasized Article 32 as the Constitution's heart and soul.

India's planning framework में NITI Aayog की सही भूमिका?

• A. Controls monetary policy
• B. Prepares Five-Year Plans for Parliament
• C. Allocates financial resources to states
• D. Policy think tank promoting cooperative federalism

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: D

Explanation / व्याख्या: NITI Aayog functions as the Government of India's policy think tank and promotes cooperative/competitive federalism. RBI controls monetary policy; the Planning Commission-era Five-Year Plan model ended.

September 2023 G20 Leaders' Summit भारत में कहाँ आयोजित हुआ?

• A. Mumbai
• B. New Delhi
• C. Bengaluru
• D. Hyderabad

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: B

Explanation / व्याख्या: The G20 Leaders' Summit under India's presidency was held in New Delhi at Bharat Mandapam on 9-10 September 2023.

Client से mail server को e-mail भेजने के लिए मुख्य protocol?

• A. SNMP
• B. FTP
• C. IMAP
• D. SMTP

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: D

Explanation / व्याख्या: SMTP = Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, used for sending/relaying e-mail. IMAP is primarily for accessing/synchronizing mail stored on a server.

कौन-सा e-mail field recipient addresses को अन्य recipients से छिपाकर copy भेजता है?

• A. CC
• B. TO
• C. Reply-To
• D. BCC

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: D

Explanation / व्याख्या: BCC = Blind Carbon Copy. BCC recipients receive the message but their addresses are hidden from other recipients.

Wetlands के conservation और wise/sustainable use पर केंद्रित convention?

• A. Ramsar
• B. Basel
• C. Vienna
• D. Stockholm

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: A

Explanation / व्याख्या: Ramsar Convention (1971) focuses on wetlands of international importance and their wise use. Basel concerns hazardous wastes; Vienna concerns ozone-layer protection framework; Stockholm concerns persistent organic pollutants.

Present needs पूरी करते हुए future generations की ability compromise न करने की अवधारणा?

• A. Industrial expansion
• B. Resource exploitation
• C. Sustainable development
• D. Ecological isolation

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: C

Explanation / व्याख्या: This is the classic Brundtland formulation of sustainable development: meeting present needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet theirs.

A: Namami Gange focuses on conservation/rejuvenation of Ganga. R: It includes sewage treatment, river-surface cleaning and afforestation. सही code?

• A. Both true, R not explanation
• B. A false, R true
• C. Both true, R explains A
• D. A true, R false

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: C

Explanation / व्याख्या: Both statements are correct. The listed interventions are core mechanisms through which river conservation and rejuvenation are pursued, so the Reason explains the Assertion.

Direct experience और learner participation पर आधारित teaching method?

• A. Experiential learning
• B. Dictation
• C. Lecture
• D. Demonstration

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: A

Explanation / व्याख्या: Experiential learning emphasizes learning by doing, reflection on experience and active learner participation. It is closely associated with learner-centred pedagogy.

इन organizations को formation chronology में रखें: Anushilan Samiti, Ghadar Party, HSRA, Abhinav Bharat.

• A. IV, I, II, III
• B. IV, II, I, III
• C. I, II, IV, III
• D. I, IV, II, III

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: D

Explanation / व्याख्या: Commonly accepted chronology: Anushilan Samiti (1902) → Abhinav Bharat (1904) → Ghadar Party (1913) → HSRA (1928). Therefore I, IV, II, III.

Diagnostic evaluation का best example?

• A. End-of-course evaluation
• B. Grading evaluation
• C. Identifying learner strengths/weaknesses before/remedial instruction
• D. Final exam only

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: C

Explanation / व्याख्या: Diagnostic assessment identifies specific learning difficulties, strengths and prerequisite gaps so remedial instruction can be planned. It differs from summative evaluation, which judges achievement at the end.

Modern knowledge society में ICT की central role?

• A. Rapid global access/sharing/dissemination
• B. Communication only within local networks
• C. Replaces every traditional form
• D. Restricts digital devices

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: A

Explanation / व्याख्या: ICT accelerates creation, access, sharing and dissemination of information across geographical boundaries. It complements rather than automatically replaces all traditional communication.

Match: Alluvial, Black, Laterite, Desert with river deposits, cotton, iron/aluminium oxides, arid Rajasthan.

• A. a-III,b-I,c-II,d-IV
• B. a-IV,b-I,c-II,d-III
• C. a-IV,b-II,c-I,d-III
• D. a-II,b-IV,c-III,d-I

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: C

Explanation / व्याख्या: Alluvial → river deposits; Black → cotton; Laterite → rich in iron/aluminium oxides due to leaching; Desert → arid Rajasthan. Thus a-IV, b-II, c-I, d-III.

A: SC has original jurisdiction in Union-State disputes. R: Article 131 gives exclusive jurisdiction in specified federal disputes. सही code?

• A. Both true; R explains A
• B. Both true; R not explanation
• C. A false; R true
• D. A true; R false

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: A

Explanation / व्याख्या: Article 131 confers original jurisdiction on the Supreme Court in specified disputes involving the Union and States or States inter se, where a legal right is involved. Hence both are true and R explains A.

World Economic Outlook report कौन प्रकाशित करता है?

• A. WTO
• B. IMF
• C. UNDP
• D. World Bank

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: B

Explanation / व्याख्या: The International Monetary Fund publishes the World Economic Outlook (WEO), typically with major editions/updates during the year.

2023 में sickle-cell disease के लिए approved first CRISPR-based gene-editing therapy?

• A. Casgevy
• B. Crisprion
• C. Hemagen
• D. Genova

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: A

Explanation / व्याख्या: Casgevy (exagamglogene autotemcel) became the first approved therapy using CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technology, initially authorized in the UK in 2023 for eligible patients with sickle-cell disease and transfusion-dependent beta thalassemia.

UGC द्वारा 1994 में HEIs की assessment/accreditation के लिए स्थापित body?

• A. AICTE
• B. NCTE
• C. NAAC
• D. ICSSR

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: C

Explanation / व्याख्या: NAAC = National Assessment and Accreditation Council. It was established by UGC in 1994 for assessment and accreditation of higher education institutions.

Highly skewed data के लिए central tendency का सबसे suitable measure?

• A. Mode
• B. Standard deviation
• C. Median
• D. Mean

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: C

Explanation / व्याख्या: Median is resistant to extreme values and is generally preferred over mean for highly skewed distributions. Standard deviation measures dispersion, not central tendency.

Questionnaire, Interview, Observation, Rating Scale को respective features से match करें.

• A. a-IV,b-I,c-III,d-II
• B. a-II,b-III,c-I,d-IV
• C. a-I,b-II,c-III,d-IV
• D. a-III,b-IV,c-II,d-I

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: B

Explanation / व्याख्या: Questionnaire → structured questions filled by respondents; Interview → interaction with respondents; Observation → researcher directly watches behaviour; Rating Scale → measures degree of attitude/opinion. Hence a-II,b-III,c-I,d-IV.

Indian philosophy/culture में actions और consequences के moral causation का concept?

• A. Artha
• B. Kama
• C. Karma
• D. Moksha

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: C

Explanation / व्याख्या: Karma denotes action and the moral causal relationship between actions and their consequences. Artha = material/prosperity goal; Kama = desire; Moksha = liberation.

Cybersecurity में VPN का full form?

• A. Verified Public Network
• B. Variable Protected Network
• C. Virtual Private Network
• D. Virtual Processing Node

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: C

Explanation / व्याख्या: VPN = Virtual Private Network. It creates an encrypted tunnel over a public network to provide protected connectivity; it does not automatically make a user anonymous or eliminate all security risks.

Srinagar–Leh route से जुड़ा mountain pass?

• A. Shipki La
• B. Nathu La
• C. Rohtang Pass
• D. Zoji La

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: D

Explanation / व्याख्या: Zoji La lies on the strategic route connecting the Kashmir Valley/Srinagar side with Ladakh toward Leh. Nathu La is in Sikkim; Shipki La in Himachal Pradesh; Rohtang connects Kullu with Lahaul-Spiti.

I. Christine Lagarde is President of the European Central Bank. II. She previously served as IMF Managing Director. सही?

• A. I only
• B. Neither
• C. II only
• D. Both I and II

✓ Correct Answer / सही उत्तर: D

Explanation / व्याख्या: Both statements are correct: Christine Lagarde has served as President of the European Central Bank since 2019 and previously served as IMF Managing Director from 2011 to 2019.

1-A | 2-B | 3-D | 4-C | 5-C | 6-A | 7-C | 8-B | 9-D | 10-B | 11-D | 12-D | 13-A | 14-C | 15-C | 16-A | 17-D | 18-C | 19-A | 20-C | 21-A | 22-B | 23-A | 24-C | 25-C | 26-B | 27-C | 28-C | 29-D | 30-D

• Article 324 = Election Commission; Article 280 = Finance Commission.
• SMTP sends e-mail; IMAP/POP access or retrieve mail.
• Ramsar = Wetlands; Basel = hazardous waste; Vienna = ozone framework; Stockholm = POPs.
• Diagnostic evaluation identifies learning gaps; Summative evaluates end achievement.
• Median is preferred for highly skewed data; Standard Deviation measures dispersion.
• NAAC = accreditation; NIRF = ranking.
• Anushilan (1902) → Abhinav Bharat (1904) → Ghadar (1913) → HSRA (1928).
• Article 131 = Supreme Court original federal jurisdiction.

Class use: पहले 30 questions को 20–22 minutes में बिना answers देखें attempt karen। फिर explanations के साथ error coding करें:

• Target: 25–28 correct.